Lubricating compound



Patented Aug. 16, 1932 "UNITED STATES names a. aavnson, or wmme, mama,assmnon 'ro smpn mmnm.

or wnnme, mama-a, a conroaa'rron or nmnmanunarcarmq courounn R Drawing.

The present invention relates to im'" r'ovements in 01]. compounds, andmore part1cular-' ly to heavy oil compounds or greases suit-'- able foruse as gear greases and in other situ- 5 ations, such as the lubricationof thrust bearings, wherein metal to metal contact of the parts to belubricated is likely to occur under heavy load.

In accordance with the present invention, a :0 Suitable lubricatingcompound is prepared b incorporating with a desired lubricating 011 ofhigh viscosit a heavy metal compound of a sulfonic acid erived from thetreatment of a petroleum oil with strong sulfuric acid, referabl fumingsulfuric acid. The sulonic aci may be of the preferentially oilsoluble te, such as is described, for example, in t e patent of Humphreys, etal., No. 1,286,179, granted November 26, 1918, or may- 50 be of thepreferentially water-soluble type,

such as is described in the patent to Humphreys et al., No. 1,474,933,granted N ovember 20, 1923. In general the use of the compounds of thepreferentially oil soluble type is preferred. The salts of the sulfonlccompounds with lead, copper, zinc, iron or other heavy metals may beused. Such salts may be produced by direct reaction of the correspondingsulfonic acids with the bases of the heavy metal, or by doubledecomposition between a water soluble salt of the desired petroleumsulfonic compound, for example, the sodium salts, and a salt of the heametal. For example, the lead sulfonic acid com- 5 pounds may be 'roducedby direct reaction between the sul onic acids and litharge, or byreaction between equivalent proportions of the sodium salt of thepetroleum sulfonic acid and lead acetate.

In preparing the lubricating compound in accordance with the fpresentinvention, a heavy lubricating oil 0 the desired viscosity, preferably80 sec. Saybolt or higher at 210 is thorou hly intermixed with from 5 to30% of the sciected heavy metal salt of petroleum sulfonic acids, forexample, the lead salt. Thus, a compoundsuit-able for use on the wormgears of automotive trucks and the like may be prepared by incorporating50 into a heavy lubricatlng oil having a viscosity Applica-tion filed m12, 19119. 8613180. 817,921;

of 105 to'115 sec.- Saybolt at 210F. from 15 to 25% of a stockconsisting of a'mixtureof lead compounds of preferentially" oil-solublepetroleum sulfonic acids, said mixture containing to of the leadcompound and the remainder of viscous petroleum oil. In place of thelead compound, compounds of other heavy metals'or-of the preferentiallywatersoluble type of 'sulfonic acid maybe em ployed. It isreadily'understood that the lac above example i's'intended to beillustrati've,

and that compositions may be prepared in which oils of varyingviscosities and varying Y proportions of the heavy metal compound of thepetroleum sulfonic acid are employed, in accordance with thecharacteristics desired in the final product. Thus for very severe workI have employed as high as '27 to 30% of the lead compound in a 90viscosity oil (210).

The compounds prepared in accordance with the present invention areparticularly advantageous in preventin seizure of bear ings under severeloads, w ere the lubricating oil film may break and metal to metalcontact occur, and are remarkably efl'ective in preventing uneven wear,scoring and pitting. The compound of the present invention is likewiseadvantageous in that it does not tend to foam and therefore to work outof bearings. In these and other respects the: compound of the presentinvention is greatly superior to the types of greases prepared hithertofor similar use, including compounds containin sodium soaps and heavymetal soaps of atty oils such as fish oil. 1

I claim:

1. A lubricating compound comprising a viscous lubricating oil and aheavy metal compound of a petroleum sulfonic acid.

2. A lubricating compound comprising a viscous lubricant hydrocarbon oilhaving a viscosity of at least sec. Saybolt at 210 F. and a heavy metalcompound of a petroleum sulfonic acid. 1

3. A lubricating compound comprisin a e: viscous hydrocarbon oil and 5to 15% o a heavy metal compound of a petroleum sulfonic acid. I

4. A lubricating compound comprising a lubricant hydrocarbon oil havinga viscosity 10.

of 10s a; 115 sec. s. It at 210 F., and 10% eta-lead compoun of apetroleum sulfonic 5. A lubricating compound comprising a viscouslubricating oil, and a co per compound of a petroleum sulfcnic sci 4 6.A lubricatingl compound com rising a viscous lubricant ydrocarbon oilaving a viscosity of at least 80 sec. Sa bolt at 210 F and a coppercompound 0 a petroleum su lfomc and. A

7. A lubricating compound comprisinga viscouslubri oi andaniron compoundof a petroleum fomc acid.

1 8. A lubricatin compound com rising a viscous lubricant ydrocarbon oilaving a viscosity of at least 80 sec. Saybolt at 210 -F., and an ironcompound of a petroleum sulfonic acid.

go 9. Alubricating compoundcomprising a viscous lubricatin oil and alead compound ofa petroleum su fomc acid.

10. A lubricating compound com rising a viscous lubricant hydrocarbonoil aving a 35 viscosity of at least 80 sec. Saybolt at 210 F.,' an iialead compound of a petroleum sulfonic ac1 Witness my hand this sixth dayof July,

1929. 80. MAURICE H. ARVESON.

